Chasing the American Dream in A Raisin in the Sun by...

Chasing the American Dream in A Raisin in the Sun A Raisin in the Sun is a play about an African-American family living on the South Side of Chicago in the 1950s. This family is going through many struggles, both within the family and financially. The family is awaiting an insurance check. The story focuses on the individual dreams of each family member and what they want to do with the money. The family struggles to mend their family issues along with deciding what they will do with the money. This play shows a family trying to achieve the American dream. Although the American dream has changed slightly since this time period, readers can relate to the familys dreams and aspirations. Lena Younger is referred to as Mama throughout the†¦show more content†¦This event took place four years prior to the setting of A Raisin in The Sun. This event along with many others, helped shape the setting and mood of this story. This family is struggling to live in a world that until very recently was not at all accepting of African Americans. The majority of whites still had negative attitudes towards African-Americans. This is shown when Mama buys the family a house in an all white neighborhood. The neighbors would rather bribe the Younger family into living elsewhere, instead of accepting the fact that times were changing. In the play, the Younger family stands their ground and move into the neighborhood. Although this is a new beginning and will provide a plethora of opportunities for the family, they will have to overcome the racism and segregation the neighbors put upon them. Another example of how the Younger family is chasing the American dream is Beneatha going to school to become a doctor. In this time period, it was uncommon for women to aspire to be in such a prestigious career, especially African-American women. Without the actions African-American’s took before her, Beneatha would have never been able to have this dream. Beneatha shows that with hard work and dedication it is possible to break out of social stereotypes and prove her worth. Since the 1950’s America has come a very long way with equality. America is a melting pot of many different races, cultures, and religions. This is what makes America uniqueShow MoreRelatedLorraine Hansberrys A Raisin in the Sun1260 Words   |  6 PagesThe chasing of a mirage is a futile quest where an individual chases an imaginary image that he or she wants to capture. The goal of this impossible quest is in sight, but it is unattainable. Even with the knowledge that failure is inevitable, peo ple still dream of catching a mirage. There is a fine line that separates those who are oblivious to this fact, and to those who are aware and accept this knowledge. The people who are oblivious represent those who are ignorant of the fact that their dreamRead MoreThe Dreams Of African Americans1352 Words   |  6 Pagesup with a dream to become better or have more in life. Not all dreams become reality. It takes a lot of hard work and dedication to make a dream come true. In the early 1950’s, it was extremely hard for an African American to have their dreams come true. A poem by Langston Hughes entitled â€Å"Harlem† describes the dreams of African Americans during this time period. Lorraine Hansberry wrote â€Å"A Raisin in the Sun† based off of this poem and it further depicts the struggles African Americans went throughRead More Lorraine Hansberrys A Raisin In The Sun - The Importance of the Struggle1348 Words   |  6 PagesThe Importance of the Struggle in A Raisin in the Sun      Ã‚   â€Å"Why do some people persist despite insurmountable obstacles, while others give up quickly or never bother to try† (Gunton 118)? A Raisin in the Sun, a play by Lorraine Hansberry, is a commentary on life and our struggle to comprehend and control it. The last scene in the play between Asagai and Beneatha contrasts two contemporary views on why we keep on trying to change the future, and reaches the conclusion that, far from being aRead MoreThe Strength of Family in Death of a Salesman and A Raisin in the Sun1198 Words   |  5 PagesThe American Dream is a vision of economic opportunity available to all those who work for it, regardless of race or class. However, as seen in Arthur Miller’s â€Å"Death of a Salesman† and Lorraine Hansberry’s â€Å"A Raisin in the Sun†, perverted conceptions of the American Dream convince certain characters that they are entitled to the fruits of miracles. Despite their best intentions for supporting th eir families, Walter Younger and Willy Loman encounter unsurpassable obstacles and are unable to fulfillRead MoreEssay on Reaching for a Dream in Literature1381 Words   |  6 PagesSelfish Dream Everyone has their dreams and whoever puts all his or her efforts and determination in pursuing that goal is the one who will succeed. However, there are dreamers who have misconceptions about the art of dreaming. In three pieces of literature I have encountered: â€Å"The Achievement of Desire† by Richard Rodriguez, â€Å"A Raisin in the Sun† by Lorraine Hansberry and â€Å"Fences† by August Wilson, its characters fight for their dreams regardless obstacles in their life. Nevertheless, they exposeRead More The Pursuit Of Happiness in A Raisin in the Sun Essay1971 Words   |  8 PagesThroughout Lorraine Hansberry’s A Raisin in the Sun, we see the positive and negative effects of chasing the American Dream. Hansberry expresses her different views on the American Dream through the characters and she portrays the daily struggles of a 1950 black family throughout A Raisin in the Sun. In this play, she is able to effectively show the big impact that even smal l decisions can make on a family. Hansberry shows the many different attachments that come with the fulfillment of this American DreamRead MoreA Raisin In The Minds, And Innocent Is Irrelevant1015 Words   |  5 Pagesland their dream job. However, the only thing standing in the way from pursuing that desireable dream is the government who defines the color of your skin. Unfortunately, people of all skin colors get denied the right to pursue a happiness that they desired base on their skin color rather than their personalities. The Declaration of Independence tells us that the we should be able to have the right to pursue happiness including chasing a dream that was once an aspiration. In reality, American governmentRead MoreThe Pursuit of a Dream in A Raisin in the Sun, The Achievement of Desire and Fences1340 Words   |  6 PagesSelfish Dream Everyone has their dreams and whoever puts all his or her efforts and determination to pursuit that goal is the one who will succeed. However, there are dreamers who have misconceptions about the art of dreaming. In three pieces of literature I have encountered: â€Å"The Achievement of Desire† by Richard Rodriguez, â€Å"A Raisin in the Sun† by Lorraine Hansberry and â€Å"Fences† by August Wilson, its characters fight for their dreams regardless obstacles in their life. Nevertheless, when manyRead MoreAnalysis Of Lorraine Hansberry s A Raisin Of The Sun 1343 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"A Raisin in the Sun† is play written by Lorraine Hansberry about a struggling African American family. Set in the nineteen-fifties, the play explores the dynamics of how the family operates in a time era Chicago that challenges the family with poor economic status and racial prejudice. Hansberry uses dreams as one of her main themes in this play. Three of the character s, Walter, Beneatha, and Mama, all have a similar goal in their respective dreams, to improve the life of the whole family, butRead MoreLorraine Hansberrys A Raisin In The Sun1850 Words   |  8 PagesIn Lorraine Hansberry’s â€Å"A Raisin in the Sun† (1959), she reveals the life of the Youngers family. In doing so, there surfaces a detrimental ideology that destroys the family financially and in their overall happiness. In Act II Scene I, Walter, the father figure of the family, says, â€Å"Why? You want to know why? Cause we all tied up in a race of people that don t know how to do nothing but moan, pray and have babies!† (Hansberry 532). By way of explanation, the family and much of the African-American

Marcus Ulpius Trajanus The Roman Emperor Trajan

Marcus Ulpius Trajanus, notoriously known as the Roman Emperor Trajan was born September 18, most likely in the year 52 AD of Spanish origin. He was an educated man with a powerful, masculine figure. A bronze sculpture at Harvard University showcases his physique in ceremonial armor standing as if addressing his troops. He possessed a true sense of dignity and humbleness which to the Romans made him an emperor of true virtue. He was an emperor who truly enjoyed war; his passion for war came from the fact that he was very good at it. He was a brilliant general, as shown by his military achievements. He was naturally very popular with the troops, especially due to his willingness to share in the hardships alongside his soldiers. He came from an Umbrian family from Tuder in northern Italy which had chosen to settle in Spain. His father was Marcus Ulpius Trajanus, a very prominent man in terms of government. He was the first of the to reach the office of senator, commanded the Tenth Le gion Fretensis in the Jewish War of 67-68 AD, and became consul around the year 70 AD. During the year 75 AD, he became governor of Syria, one of the key military provinces in the empire. Later he also was to be governor of the provinces of Baetica and Asia. While his father was governor of Syria, Trajan served as military tribune. His path toward emperor was a long and hard one. However, he enjoyed a thriving career in government, first gaining the office of praetorship in 85 AD. ThenShow MoreRelatedThe Roman Emperor By Marcus Ulpius Trajanus918 Words   |  4 PagesTrajan the Roman Emperor was born as Marcus Ulpius Trajanus. He was of Spanish descent born on September 18, 52 AD to an Umbrian family. He was basically brought up in an environment which always involved government and military affairs, which was the result of his father being a very prominent man. His father was the first to reach the office of senator, and also commanded the Tenth Legion of Fretensis during the Jewish War of 67-68 AD. He became consul around the year 70 AD, and in the year 75Read MoreThe Basilica Of Rome1476 Words   |  6 Pagesaround the time of Emperor Tiberius’ latter days. Born in Neopolis, he was the son of a successful shipping magnate and had always lived a life of relative wealth and ease. When he was sixteen he was sent away to school in Mediolanum, then later moved to Rome where he studied law. Later, after serving a tour of duty in Britannia as a Tribune, and then after serving as a junior senator, he set up a legal practice in Rome with Octavius. Longinus was currently legal counsel to Emperor Nerva and a memberRead MoreRoman Concepts of Military Leadership Essay2368 Words   |  10 Pagesin the Roman army, both the Republic and the Empire. From 508 BC to 1453 the Roman’s would be a considered a â€Å"superpower† in the world with â€Å"all roads† leading to Rome as the old proverb explains. A superpower is maintained with a strong military and Rome was no exception. During her reign, Rome saw a vast number of generals and leaders that would stand out over time. Three of these leaders would be Trajan, Marius and Scipio Africanus. These three generals would have great impact on the Roman army

Communication in Organisation - 5930 Words

COMMUNICATION IN AN ORGANIZATION INTRODUCTION Humans communicate all the time, and most of the time we do it as a matter of course, without thinking about it. We can define it in the following way:- ïÆ'Ëœ â€Å"Communication is one of the basic functions of management in any organization and its importance can hardly be overemphasized. It is a process of transmitting information, ideas, thoughts, opinions and plans between various parts of an organization.† ïÆ'Ëœ Communication is the process of conveying information from a sender to a receiver with the use of a medium in which the communicated information is understood the same way by both sender and receiver. Communication is important in an organization because it creates mutual understanding†¦show more content†¦Feedback is the check on how successful we have been in transferring our messages as originally intended .It determines whether or not understanding has been achieved. Communication in an organization can be for the following reasons: †¢ For motivation and employee morale: Communication is also a basic tool for motivation, which can improve morale of the employees in an organization. Inappropriate or faulty communication among employees or between manager and his subordinates is the major cause of conflict and low morale at work. Manager should clarify to employees about what is to be done, how well are they doing and what can be done for better performance to improve their motivation. He can prepare a written statement, clearly outlining the relationship between company objectives and personal objectives and integrating the interest of the two. †¢ For increase productivity: With effective communication, you can maintain a good human relation in the organization and by encouraging ideas or suggestions from employees or workers and implementing them whenever possible, you can also increase production at low cost. †¢ For employees: It is through the communication that employees submit their work reports, comments, grievances and suggestions to their seniors or management. Organization should have effective and speedy communication policy and procedures to avoid delays,Show MoreRelatedCommunication Is Essential For Successful Organisations Essay1158 Words   |  5 PagesThe purpose of Communication in Business is usually to either generate an action or to pass on or request information. There are often very different communication needs for internal and external stakeholders. In both cases the information needs to be clear, well presented, easy to read and understand and concise. Communication is about fostering a two-way inclusive dialogue with all parties which will give a successful communication channel – it is not just about talking but listening to the stakeholdersRead MoreCommunication Is Vital Organ Of Any Organisation1309 Words   |  6 PagesCommunication is vital organ of any organisation. C ommunication plays a significant role running efficiently day to day operations of the company. Communication practices in organisations play a decisive role in company’s success and failure (Fearn-Banks, 2010). The purpose of this paper is to explore Hynes strategic approach to managerial communication. The paper will further investigate a situation that depicts communication crises. For the purpose of the communication crises analysis, caseRead MoreThe Role of Social Media in Organisation Communication3153 Words   |  13 Pagesorganisational communication?What is social media?Role of social media in organisational communicationImplications of social mediaBest practices | | 4 | EMPIRICAL STUDY | | 4.14.2 | General informationSocial media and organisational communication | | 4.3 | Conclusion and Recommendations | | | List of sourcesAPPENDIX A | | | | | 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This assignment provides a research and analysis of the role of social media in organisational communication, with specific referenceRead MoreThe Issues Which Preventing Communication Within On Organisation Are Called Communication1436 Words   |  6 PagesA CIVIL MEETING PART A Communication Problem: - The issues which prevent communication within on organisation are called communication A. Problem: - Gender discrimination Created by: - Doug and Jeremy In this case study the firm is suffering from gender discrimination as when Richard introduce Lucy name Doug and Jeremy felts lightly uncomfortable because he has chosen a woman. They both were not happy with a young female working in their company. B. Problem: - Lack of responsibility CreatedRead Morecorporate communication strategy of an organisation( Dangote group))1733 Words   |  7 PagesSummary Corporate organisation strategy differentiates between macro or corporations, micro or business-units, enterprise as well as their function and active strategies which are depended on identity, culture, strategy and product. With reference to the above, each corporation or business-unit operates at different levels and structure but to achieve the organisational goal, their communication strategic processes must be coherent and consistence. The concept of corporate communication strategy as aRead MoreCommunication Is The Underlying Reason For The Success Of Many Organisations1620 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Great communication is the underlying reason for the success of many organisations. It is one of the most important skills that a person can have. Be it an employee, student or friend, no one can succeed without communication. Communication isn’t just about transmitting information from one person to another; it is also about expressing our emotions, knowledge, information and exchanging ideas. Communication can also refer to our body language, facial expression and tone of voice. ButRead MoreThe Relationship Between Internal Communication and Successful Organisations2655 Words   |  11 Pagesclear that internal communication is an essential practice for organisational success. However, what does this statement actually mean? In this essay, I hope to break down both concepts of internal communication and successful organisations and then conduct an in-depth analysis on the relationship between internal communication and successful organisations. What is internal communication? Literature Reivew According to Bruce Berger, â€Å"Internal communication represents the communication and the interactionsRead MoreUnit 1 – Communication in Health and Social Care Organisations2713 Words   |  11 PagesUnit 1 – Communication in Health and Social Care Organisations Task 1 The relevant theory of communications consists of sixteen theories relating to the various ways people communicate. Of these sixteen there are five that apply to Mary Slater and her situation. The first theory is known as constructivism. The following quote best describes this theory,† constructivism is a cognitive theory of human communication that describes how human perception influences the skillful production and interpretationRead MoreEvaluate the Effectiveness of Diagonal Communication as a Management Strategy to Achieve Organisation Objectives1269 Words   |  6 PagesOrganizational communication is the process by which information is shared within organization as business; it uses concise messages and clearly defined terms. Individuals use and rely on communication if its processes and messages are perceived as understandable and trustworthy. Outside of informal social interactions, individuals in an organization typically communication coworkers in their departments which have attained the same status they have or they communicate with direct supervisors orRead MoreEvaluate the Effectiveness of Diagonal Communication as a Management Strategy to Achieve Org anisation Objectives1280 Words   |  6 PagesOrganizational communication is the process by which information is shared within organization as business; it uses concise messages and clearly defined terms. Individuals use and rely on communication if its processes and messages are perceived as understandable and trustworthy. Outside of informal social interactions, individuals in an organization typically communication coworkers in their departments which have attained the same status they have or they communicate with direct supervisors or

How to Write Good Essey - 1042 Words

| | |COURSE OUTLINE | |ESSAY WRITING | | | |ENGLISH DEPARTMENT | |FACULTY OF LETTERS†¦show more content†¦|UNIT 4: CLASSIFICATION ESSAY | | |17 |Introductory concluding paragraphs | | |18 |Classification | | |19 |Writing a complete essay | | |20 |Focus on error correction | | |21 |Publishing the â€Å"Classification Essay† |Due date | |22 |UNIT 5: PROCESS ANALYSIS ESSAY | | |23 |Process Analysis | | |24 |Developmental paragraphs | | |25 |Feedback on process analysis essay | | |26 |Feedback on grammar | | |27 |Publishing the â€Å"ProcessShow MoreRelatedCharacter Protect Life2726 Words   |  11 Pagescharacter protects life * character protects life essay * essay on character protects life * articles on character protects life * character protects our life * paragraph on character protects life * How character protects life * essay on character protects our life * good character protects life Tags: character protect life, a paragraph about character protects life, a paragraph on character protects life, a paragraph on fair, a scence in a village pnd eassy for class 10th., a

Compare and contrast the dramatic effectiveness of Act 3 scene 1 and Juliets soliloquy in Act 3 scene 2 Essay Example For Students

Compare and contrast the dramatic effectiveness of Act 3 scene 1 and Juliets soliloquy in Act 3 scene 2 Essay Romeo and Juliet tells the tale of two star-crossd teenage lovers who secretly fall for each other and marry. Their families, the Montagues and Capulets, have been fierce enemies for decades and even as Romeo and Juliet say their wedding vows, new violence breaks out between the clans. In the end, their love is doomed. When Romeo mistakenly believes Juliet is dead, he poisons himself. And, when Juliet discovers that he is dead, she too commits suicide. Romeo and Juliet is by far the most romantic and well known play written back in the 1590s by William Shakespeare. This Elizabethan period was a time when revenge and honour were very important to the society of the rich. It was not uncommon for marriages to be arranged for girls as young as 13 and sword duelling played a large part in seeking honour for your family. The play covers the most dramatic of feelings from the love and passion to the hate and revenge of everyday life ending in the ultimate tragedy that breaks hearts all over the world. The famous couple originated from an old Italian story more than a century before Shakespeare tackled it making it the perfect story to immortalise in writing as it contained a powerful love story. It was, therefore, set in Verona, Italy, as Shakespeare felt it belonged there and hed used the setting before for the 1594 play, Gentlemen of Verona. The title assignment will be discovered using an in-depth study of both scenes 1 and 2 in act 3 where by comparing and contrasting them, while using references from the rest of the play, it should be evident of the differences and similarities between them. Act 3 scene 1 is the turning point of the play because this is when two main characters are killed off, Mercutio and Tybalt. It makes the play instantly focus on Romeo and Juliet more by lessening the amount of characters. This is also a pivotal scene for Romeo because he gets banished, after slaying Tybalt, and taken away from his wife. If this scene hadnt happened, Romeo might have known Juliet took only a sleeping potion so maybe the tragedy could have been avoided. However due his murder he does get taken away to Mantua and so Juliet has to suffer the consequences as well as himself. They both feel the strain of being apart and even Romeos family must suffer in his absence. Yet this fight that caused his banishment could easily have been prevented if Mercutio had first listened to the instinct of his friend, Benvolio. As Act 3 scene 1 starts, Benvolio is extremely nervous as he and Mercutio are out late and he can almost foresee a fight with the Capulets as proven when he says, The day is hot and the mad blood stirring. He is predicting that something bad will happen as in the very first scene in the play when there is a big public fight between both families in the street. He uses the saying fee-simple which means that if he quarrelled as much as Mercutio, he wouldnt last long which was a warning against Mercutio and also a prophecy into what his argumentative side would get him into if he didnt control it. Lets retire is a sign of Benvolios nerves. He wants to leave the street behind yet Mercutio uses humour to deflect the whines of Benvolio. He uses six reasons as to why people would fight for instance having no other reason but because thou hast hazel eyes. It was used to calm Benvolio down and its very ingenious the way Shakespeare managed to get this across. This scene contains extreme irony as we know that Benvolio isnt a fighter so what Mercutio is really doing is winding him up. Soon after Tybalt enters the scene and this causes a great change of atmosphere which becomes much tenser, adding to the dramatic effect of this play. Tybalt and Mercutio create a lot of banter here. They insult eachother and use the same verbal abuse that was used by Tybalt in Act 1 scene 5 when he discovered Romeo in the Capulet ball. Thou art a villain and boy are two of the strongest insults used. Then a sword fight occurs between Mercutio and Tybalt and when Romeo notices this he struggles to part them both, because this scene follows the marriage between Romeo and Juliet, Tybalt is his cousin. The sword fight is powerful because of the way you can almost choreograph a stage fight and the fact that it is very exciting to watch and discover the outcome. It also means that it can give time for Mercutio to utter his last words before death which is also dramatic due to his humour during his final moments. He lightens the mood with his jokes and relaxes the audience before almost in stantly destroying the happiness with his curse on both houses. I am hurt. A plague o both your houses! The plague was repeated three times and was even said between a joke at first so no-one believed him. He makes it worse by placing all blame on the unsuspecting Romeo which makes him feel extremely guilty and also causes Romeo to change from a loving, peace-keeping character to an angry, revenge needing character. Why the devil came you between us? I was hurt under your arm the sentence that caused Romeos downfall. GCSE Coursework - Romeo and Juliet coursework EssaySoon after this she has a sudden change of mood. After being incredibly impatient and passionate she then says, Come civil Night, thou sober-suited matron all in black and learn me how to lose a wining match which is a metaphor for someone to reassure her. This brings across, to me, a slight sense of panic, also shown by her repeated use of the word come, yet she quickly conceals it. Because she says this it brings across a feeling of anxiousness and worry. She doesnt have a mother figure to turn to as even the Nurse isnt with her during the soliloquy. This is an important night as its the night that will take her from childhood to adulthood which is extremely difficult to do alone so I feel for her and am surprised by how mature she is acting for a 13 year old girl. Hood my unmanned blood, bating in my cheeks this is a description of a blush. She becomes embarrassed and a little shy about the whole idea as the next line is a reass urance to herself, till strange love grow bold as though she is acting as a mother-figure to herself. As that is showing her inexperience, she hopes she will improve in time. She states earlier they are a pair of stainless maidenhoods which means neither have done this before which could explain Juliets many different emotions during this monologue. After this Juliet finds herself thinking about Romeo and really makes him seem like a God. This is the hyperbole Shakespeare uses for this scene. She compares him to be the white snow on a ravens back which is a sign of innocence making it dramatic irony as it hasnt been long since Romeo murdered Tybalt but obviously this isnt known to Juliet. She really exaggerates his qualities and this is evident when she says when I shall die take him and cut him out in little stars and he will make the face of heaven so fine. This quote is however is also quite sad and ironic as she does die soon after and so does Romeo. She is unbelievably overwhelmed by love in this paragraph and seems to put Romeo on a pedestal high above anyone else in the world. Its not long before she is changing her feeling again but this time to apprehension and repeated emotions of impatience, expressed with words like tedious. She uses a strong metaphor of having bought the mansion of love, but not possessed it which is her explaining how she has married her love but hasnt yet enjoyed the consummation. I find this appearance of the physical aspect of marriage immature as they have more important relationship issues to deal with as they barely know eachother yet this is a 21st century look on the idea and this concept was seen as standard in the 16th century. However this is all forgotten when she reminds us that she is only young by talking of an impatient child that hath new robes and may not wear them. Referring to a child makes us realize that Juliet herself is only 13 and dealing alone with adulthood. The audience to this scene would feel great pity for Juliet and they would feel totally sympathetic towards them, unlike Romeo for which they would be unimpressed by his actions. I cant help but find this scene extremely powerful and I couldnt even begin to imagine myself in her position. As I hope to have proven, these two scenes could not include more differences. Act 3 scene 1 is a fast paced scene of action whereas the following scene is slower and creates intimacy rather than hate and anger, however, they both contain the same amount of effectiveness. The similarity they share is the irony used. Humour and changes of atmosphere and mood are used well in both scenes. Shakespeare was clever in using all the dramatic devices that he did in one play without exaggerating it too much. From murders to marriages and from love to hate, this play is full of all the effectiveness needed.

Health & Safety Law

Question: To evaluate the detailed provisions of the Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974, case law and subordinate legislation and its effects on successful health and safety management? Answer: Introduction: Laws relating to health and safety of the citizen in the United Kingdom are mainly governed by the statutory provisions; the name of the concern statute is Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974, this statute is formulated as per the regulations of the Union Law. The statute is applicable throughout territory of the entire United Kingdom and any breach of the regulations framed by the Act is a crime in United Kingdom and it is a punishable offence. In England and Wales, the offences are punishable as to summary conviction and with fine that may be extended to 20,000 pounds or unlimited fine can be imposed upon the offender if the offender has been convicted upon indictment in the Crown court. The sentencing of punishment upon any individual or corporation shall be guided with the principals laid down by the Sentencing Guidelines Council. In England and Wales, unless anything contrary as to the provisions lay down in the statute, if any person suffers from any injury or damage caused by an act of breach of the regulations of the statute then the person suffered from such injury or damage shall posses a cause of action under the law of tort against the offender. The same cause of action is also available in Scotland under the law of delict. But there some exceptions to the rule are also available, these exceptional rules are framed by the judicial system of the country rather these are the precedential laws. Advice to Jane: Under the given circumstances, the Local Education Authority is responsible for the damage and injury happened to Jane as in spite of knowing the fact that eighteen students in a class is too much and the impact of the overlapped number of student may cause harm to the teacher, the Local Education Authority has not taken any step towards the complaint made by Jane and the Local Education Authority has completely neglected the submissions of Jane. Though the employer of Jane has not done its duty properly and neglected the complaint of Jane but Jain is not entitled to claim any compensation from the employer under the provisions of the Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974 as sec. 47 of the Act excludes civil liability but Jane is entitled to claim compensation under the law of tort. In the case of Hall v Simons (2000), it was held that if the employer or any person who is in a commanding position in the course of an employment then it is the duty of the employer or that person to take necessary actions against the complaint made by the employees relating to the facts of the employment. If any necessary action has not been taken and by virtue of that the employee has to suffer from any loss or injury then the employer shall be held liable for such injury or loss. In the act of the employer all the essential elements of negligence is present and by virtue of the omission from the part of the employer Jane being an employee has suffered from grave physical as well as mental injury, hence the Local Education Authority should have been taken necessary steps towards the complaint of Jane. Recession cannot be a valid ground of exclusion from the responsibility of the employers towards the employees. In the case of Latimer v AEC Ltd [1953], any exclusion of the employer towards the duty of the employees based on any business conduct or any issue relating to revenue of the business cannot be considered as a valid exclusion. And the employer shall be liable to compensate the employee for the loss suffered. Hence, it can be said that Jane is entitled to get compensation from the employer for the act negligence under the law of tort. Advice to Sam: Under the given scenario, Sam is entitled to get compensation from the employer under the law of tort for an act of negligence because the explosion caused due the negligence of Sam, in spite of knowing the fact that if he would not wear gloves before doing the experiment an accident may occur and this fact has been told to him by the head teacher of the organization but Sam has overlooked it but the act of Poppy was more dangerous and that causes nervous shock to Sam, in that Sam was not involved by any means. Before sending poppy into the classroom, it was the duty of the head teacher to know about the competency of Poppy as for the act of Poppy the Local Education Authority will be responsible though she was not the employee of Local Education Authority but she was sent to the classroom by the head teacher of the organization. In the case of Newman others v United Kingdom Medical Research Council (1996), the court held that if the employee suffers from any loss due to the negligent of that employee then the employer cannot be held liable for that act of negligence. In the course of the employment every employee has the responsibility to take proper measure as to the safety and these measures should be mentioned by the employer to the employee. But if anything happens due to the negligent act of the employer then the employee shall have the right to be compensated. With reference to the above mentioned case, Sam suffered from nervous shock for the horror appearance of poppy but not the explosion caused by him. Poppy was sent to the classroom by the head teacher of the organization without knowing the competency of Poppy and without informing her about the safety measures before entering into the classroom; this was the act of negligence from the Local Education Authority. In the classroom of Vaughan v Menlove (1837), it was held that it is the duty of the employer before assigning any person into the work, to know about the credential and competency of that person. In this regard if any situation occurs and by virtue any person suffers from any loss or injury then the employer shall have the liability to compensate that person. Advice to James: In this regard Mr. James is also entitled to get compensation from the Local Education Authority under the law of tort for an act of negligence. Poppy was working in the school with the due permission of the head teacher on behalf of the organization but before giving the permission the head teacher has not examined the competency of Poppy. In spite of knowing the fact that an incompetent person may cause damage to the organization as well as to the other staffs of the organization, the head teacher enabled Poppy to enter into the school premises and also to work into it. In the case of Wilson v Governors of Sacred Heart RC Primary School, Carlton (1997), the court of law held that school premises are very delicate place to work and before taking any important step the concern authority should look after about the competency of the persons and the possible consequences of the decision. If any loss or damage caused to any person due to an incompetent act of the authority then that organization shall be held liable for payment of damages. With reference to the above mentioned case the head teacher of the Local Education Authority has not examined the competency of Poppy before assigning her the tasks into the school premises and due to that omission of the head teacher, the accident occur and Mr. James has to suffer from grave physical injury. Hence, the Local Education Authority was responsible for the injury caused to Mr. James and it is liable to pay compensation to Mr. James under the law of tort. All the three cases are enough capable to be dealt under the law of tort for an act of negligence as it is permitted by The Enterprise and Regulatory Reform Act 2013 and sec. 15 of the Health and Safety regulations. As argued by Pogge et.al (2010), the Acts in United Kingdom relating to relating to health and safety pdoes not permit the victim or the sufferer to claim any compensation for any breach of the stipulations but the wrong doer may be compelled under the law of tort for the act of negligence though it is very hard to prove before the court of law with competent jurisdiction. Explanation of applicable laws as to the injuries of Dave: Here, the injuries suffered by Dave are mainly happened due to improper risk assessment. Regulation 3 of the Management of Health and Safety Regulation at Work 1999 specified about the risk management aspects of the employer. According to this provision the employer is responsible to make adequate assessment regarding the risk factors in the course of the employment and all the risk factors are to be disclosed to the concern employee. Identification of the hazardous substances in the employment premises are also very necessary as to determine the actual amount of risk involved in the employment. Apart from that the employer is also responsible to recognize the risk factors in the employment and to provide details assessment regarding all the involved risk. In this case the employer was well aware of the fact that in the laboratory there is some issues relating to ventilation and hot accretive inside the laboratory. Section 3(1) of the Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974, says that it is the duty of the employer to disclose all the necessary and relevant facts relating to the risk factors in the employment to the concern employees. This is one of the most important provisions of the statute and it implies that in case of the breach of this provision and by virtue of that if any employee suffers from any loss or injury then the employer shall be held liable and also to be prosecuted in accordance with the provisions of the Act. Apart from that, sec.7 of the Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974, states that it is the duty of the employee to take necessary measures as to the care and safety of himself and also to the others. The employee is also responsible for cooperation in the employment with the employer and also with the other necessary requisition. Advice to Dave: According to Regulation 4 of the Management of Health and Safety Regulation at Work 1999, the employers are empowered to take necessary measures regarding the prevention of the risk factors. If the Local Education Authority would have followed the stipulations of the mentioned provision then it could be possible that Dave would not have been suffered from such injuries. Section 3 of the Health and Safety at Work etc Act 1974, every employer has some duties towards the employees along with other. In this regard the employer the head teacher had the duty to take necessary measures in relation to take action against the complaint made by several staffs regarding the problems of ventilation and excess hot temperature in the laboratory room. If the head teacher would have taken proper care and would have performed the specified duties then Dave would not have to suffer from the injury. Discussion: As argued by Chaiear and Saejiw (2010), health and safety laws are one of the most sensible laws in the union and the application of these laws are very crucial in nature. In the course of an employment, the employer and the employee both have some responsibilities towards each other; if any of them does not accomplish either of their duties then the organization will not be able to conduct its business adequately. In this regard it is to be said that the accidents happened not only because of the non performance of the duties of the Local Education Authority but to some extent Dave was also not aware of his responsibilities as to the safety and security aspects. Because of the complaints made by the other staffs to the head teacher and the awareness of the head teacher to Dave regarding the situation in the laboratory room, hence it was also the duty of Dave to take proper measures before entering into that room and while doing work in that room Dave had to be aware of the furniture situated in that room. Regulation 3 of the Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1999, has been violated by the Local Education Authority as the specifications mentioned in that provisions has not been followed and this causes a serious amount of breach of the statute. Regulation 3(4) of the Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1999, specified about the assessment of risks that has not been followed by the Local Education Authority that amounts to breach of the provision. Regulation 3(5) of the Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1999, is the most important regulation among all the other regulations in the statute, it specified about the facts that has to be taken into account by every employer in relation to employment, the inexperience, immaturity and exposure to chemicals are three relevant stipulations that are specified by the bunch of regulations. These elements were not mentioned for any formality but have great significance in the course of an employment. None of these three specifications has been undertaken nor has the provision been followed by the Local Education Authority. If the organization would have followed the specifications then Dave would not have to suffer from this kind of grave injuries. According to the provision of sec. 10 of the Health and Safety at Work Act 1974, Health and Safety Executive is empowered to deal with this kind of cases. Hence, the enforcement that is to be applied in this case of Dave is Health and Safety Executive. According to the new section 14 of the Health and Safety at Work Act 1974, the health and safety executive is empowered to conduct necessary investigation and for that reason the HSE can compel any person of the concern organization for making enquiry or to conduct any investigation process and depending upon the investigation process the Health and Safety Executive produces a report. In that report all the facts and issues relating to the breach and the conducts of the suspect are mentioned by the HSE. The Health and Safety Executive is also empowered to appoint any other person to conduct the investigation and that other person appointed by the HSE shall be entitled to proceed in the same manner as the HSE could proceed. Depending upon the progress of the investigation the appointed officer shall also produce a report and that shall be submitted to the Health and Safety Executive. If the HSE is not satisfied with the components of the report then he may call for reinvestigation. According to sec. 16 of the Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 Act, the Health and Safety Executive has the power to approve codes of practice along with the guidance notes. According to the provision of sec. 17 of the Health and Safety at Work Act 1974, if the compliance of the approved codes of practice is failed then it would not amount to a criminal offence but it shall be consider as good evidence that the breach has been done by the employer. Magistrates Court (summarily): If the accused person is produces before the Magistrate court then the court may impose punishment upon the accused depending upon the relevant evidences and the punishment may be summary imprisonment or fine which may be extended to 20,000 Pounds. Crown Court (indictment): If the accused person is produces in the Crown court for adjudication then depending upon the ACoP along with the other relevant evidences the court may impose indictment conviction along with fine and the amount of fine may be unlimited. As opined by Zurn (2007), in the judicial system of United Kingdom the union laws always has the supremacy over the other laws of the country except the constitutions of the member states but the authority of the Crown court is the supreme one in inflicting punishment as to fine. On the other hand the Magistrate courts are the foundation of the judicial system as at the very beginning period the accused are produces before the Magistrate, hence the role of the Magistrates in the judicial system cannot be ignored under the purview of the jurisdiction of Crown Court. As argued by Scheffer (2010), as per the jurisdiction of the courts crown court has the superiority over the Magistrate courts and the power of Crown courts as to infliction of punishment is also higher than the power of the Magistrate court. Hence, the role of the Crown court is more important in comparison but the role of the Magistrate court is formulated in the base of the judicial system of the country. Conclusion: After the above discussion it can be said that the importance of the health and safety laws in the united kingdom is very high, not only because of its impact upon the judicial system of the country but also for the remedy it provides to the victims. The scope of the health and safety law is not limited only to the work filed but it includes the entire area of employment irrespective of the category or class. The imposition of punishment specified in the statute of health and safety law, namely the Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974, is the key factor for the execution of the statute though some of the acts included in the statute are civil wrong as to its nature but codified laws has superiority over the precedential laws of the nation.